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The word "Ghana" means "Warrior King" and was the source of the name "Guinea" used to refer to the Gulf of Guinea on the West African coast. Ghana was inhabited in pre-colonial times by a number of ancient kingdoms, including the Ga Adangbes on the eastern coast, the inland Empire of Ashanti and various Fante states along the coast and inland. Trade with European states flourished after contact with the Portuguese in the 15th century, and the British established a crown colony, Gold Coast, in 1874.
The Gold Coast achieved independence from Britain in 1957, the first African country to do so and was renamed Ghana under the leadership of Kwame Nkrumah. In 1987 Ghana became the first African country to celebrate 50 years of independence.
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Source: World Bank Ghana
Country Unit Database, 2007. |
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Ghana Facts and Figures |
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Poverty levels have dropped
from 52 percent in 1992 to 28.5 percent in 2005.
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Economic growth has averaged
4.5 percent from 1983 through 2000, but accelerated
to 5.6 percent in 2004 and 6.2 percent in 2006.
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Ghanaians’ access to
electricity (55 percent) is the highest in
Sub-Saharan Africa outside South Africa.
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Some 750,000 people in 2,014
communities have gained access to new or improved
water supplies and sanitation systems — with
coverage reaching 55 percent of the population and
exceeding the original target by 36 percent.
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After Ghana upped its
education budget support in 53 deprived districts,
the gross enrollment rate in those districts
increased to 84.3 percent in 2006 from 70.7 percent
in 2002.
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Girls’ access to school also
improved from 65.5 percent to 72 percent in the same
timeframe.
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Student scores in English and
math have improved over the past 10 years across all
income levels.
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Over 8,000 classroom blocks
(consisting of up to six classrooms or more per
block) have been constructed, reaching about
one-third of schools across the country.
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35 million textbooks have been
published, raising the number of English and math
textbooks to one per child.
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Fifteen years ago, nearly
two-thirds of primary school graduates were
functionally illiterate. In 2004, the figure was one
in five.
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The road network has increased
from 25,000 kilometers in 2000 to over 60,000
kilometers in 2005.
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Population
of major cities |
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City |
Population |
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Accra |
2,096,653 |
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Kumasi |
1,604,909 |
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Tamale |
390,730 |
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Sekondi-Takoradi |
260,651 |
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Tema |
229,106 |
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Teshie |
154,513 |
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Cape Coast |
154,204 |
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Obuasi |
147,613 |
Source: Ghana Wiki, 2008 |
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Source: World Bank Ghana
Country Unit, 2008.
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