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Ghana Municipal Finance and Management Initiative (MFMI)

Ghana-at-a-Glance

The word "Ghana" means "Warrior King" and was the source of the name "Guinea" used to refer to the Gulf of Guinea on the West African coast. Ghana was inhabited in pre-colonial times by a number of ancient kingdoms, including the Ga Adangbes on the eastern coast, the inland Empire of Ashanti and various Fante states along the coast and inland. Trade with European states flourished after contact with the Portuguese in the 15th century, and the British established a crown colony, Gold Coast, in 1874. The Gold Coast achieved independence from Britain in 1957, the first African country to do so and was renamed Ghana under the leadership of Kwame Nkrumah. In 1987 Ghana became the first African country to celebrate 50 years of independence.

Source: World Bank Ghana Country Unit Database, 2007.

Ghana Facts and Figures

  • Poverty levels have dropped from 52 percent in 1992 to 28.5 percent in 2005.

  • Economic growth has averaged 4.5 percent from 1983 through 2000, but accelerated to 5.6 percent in 2004 and 6.2 percent in 2006.

  • Ghanaians’ access to electricity (55 percent) is the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa outside South Africa.

  • Some 750,000 people in 2,014 communities have gained access to new or improved water supplies and sanitation systems — with coverage reaching 55 percent of the population and exceeding the original target by 36 percent.

  • After Ghana upped its education budget support in 53 deprived districts, the gross enrollment rate in those districts increased to 84.3 percent in 2006 from 70.7 percent in 2002.

  • Girls’ access to school also improved from 65.5 percent to 72 percent in the same timeframe.

  • Student scores in English and math have improved over the past 10 years across all income levels.

  • Over 8,000 classroom blocks (consisting of up to six classrooms or more per block) have been constructed, reaching about one-third of schools across the country.

  • 35 million textbooks have been published, raising the number of English and math textbooks to one per child.

  • Fifteen years ago, nearly two-thirds of primary school graduates were functionally illiterate. In 2004, the figure was one in five.

  • The road network has increased from 25,000 kilometers in 2000 to over 60,000 kilometers in 2005.

Population of major cities

City

Population

Accra

2,096,653

Kumasi

1,604,909

Tamale

390,730

Sekondi-Takoradi

260,651

Tema

229,106

Teshie

154,513

Cape Coast

154,204

Obuasi

147,613

Source: Ghana Wiki, 2008

Source: World Bank Ghana Country Unit, 2008.

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